目录 - 博文视点

目录
第1章概述
第2章 playbook ：一切的开端
第3章 inventory ：描述你的服务器
第4章变量与fact
第5章初识Mezzanine ：我们的测试应用
第6章使用Ansible 部署Mezzanine
第7章复杂playbook
第8章 role ：扩展你的playbook
第9章让Ansible 快到飞起
第10章自定义模块
第11章 Vagrant
第12章 Amazon EC2
第13章 Docker
第14章调试Ansible playbook

图书类别

原书推荐序
................................................................................xxiii  
前言
..........................................................................................
xxv

第1 章　概述
................................................................................1  
关于版本的说明
.....................................................................................................2  
Ansible 的优点
.......................................................................................................2  
Ansible 如何运作
...................................................................................................3  
Ansible 的精妙设计有哪些
....................................................................................4  
易读的语法
.....................................................................................................4  
远程主机无须安装任何依赖
...........................................................................5  
基于推送模式
..................................................................................................5  
Ansible 管理小规模集群
.................................................................................6  
内置模块
.........................................................................................................6  
非常轻量的抽象层
..........................................................................................7  
Ansible 太过于简单了吗
........................................................................................8  
我需要具备哪些基础知识
......................................................................................9  
哪些内容不会涉及
.................................................................................................9  
安装Ansible.........................................................................................................10  
建立一台用于测试的服务器
................................................................................
11  
使用Vagrant 来创建测试服务器
................................................................... 11  
xiv ｜ 目录  
将测试服务器的信息配置在Ansible 中
........................................................15  
使用ansible.cfg 文件来简化配置
..................................................................16  
继续前进
..............................................................................................................20

第2 章　playbook ：一切的开端
...................................................21  
一些准备工作
......................................................................................................21  
一个简单的playbook
...........................................................................................22  
指定一个nginx 配置文件
..............................................................................24  
创建一个定制的首页
.....................................................................................25  
创建一个webservers 群组
.............................................................................25  
运行这个playbook
...............................................................................................26  
playbook 是YAML 格式的
..................................................................................28  
文件的起始
...................................................................................................28  
注释
...............................................................................................................28  
字符串
...........................................................................................................28  
布尔型
...........................................................................................................29  
列表
...............................................................................................................29  
字典
...............................................................................................................30  
折行
...............................................................................................................30  
剖析playbook
......................................................................................................31  
play................................................................................................................32  
task
................................................................................................................33  
模块
...............................................................................................................34  
将它们整合在一起
........................................................................................35  
执行Ansible 后发生变化了吗？跟踪主机状态
...................................................36  
来点更酷炫的：添加TLS 支持
...........................................................................36  
生成TLS 证书
...............................................................................................38  
变量
...............................................................................................................38  
生成nginx 配置模板
.....................................................................................40  
handler
...........................................................................................................41  
运行playbook................................................................................................43

第3 章　inventory ：描述你的服务器
............................................45  
inventory 文件
......................................................................................................45  
准备工作：创建多台Vagrant 虚拟机
..................................................................46  
inventory 行为参数
..............................................................................................49  
ansible\_connection
........................................................................................50  
ansible\_shell\_type
.........................................................................................50  
ansible\_python\_interpreter
.............................................................................50  
ansible\_\*\_interpreter
.....................................................................................50  
改变行为参数的默认值
.................................................................................51  
群组
.....................................................................................................................51  
范例：部署一个Django
应用........................................................................52  
别名和端口
...................................................................................................55  
群组嵌套
.......................................................................................................55  
编号主机（宠物vs. 公牛）
............................................................................56  
主机与群组变量：在inventory 内部
...................................................................56  
主机和群组变量：在各自的文件中
.....................................................................58  
动态inventory
......................................................................................................60  
动态inventory 脚本的接口
...........................................................................61  
编写动态inventory 脚本
...............................................................................62  
预装的inventory 脚本
...................................................................................65  
将inventory 分割到多个文件中
...........................................................................66  
使用add\_host 和group\_by 在运行时添加条目
.............................................66  
add\_host
........................................................................................................66  
group\_by
.......................................................................................................68

第4 章　 变量与fact
...................................................................71  
在playbook 中定义变量
......................................................................................71  
查看变量的值
......................................................................................................72  
注册变量
..............................................................................................................72  
fact
.......................................................................................................................76  
查看与某台服务器关联的所有fact
...............................................................77  
查看fact 子集
................................................................................................77  
任何模块都可以返回fact
..............................................................................79  
本地fact
........................................................................................................79  
使用set\_fact 定义新变量
.....................................................................................80  
内置变量
..............................................................................................................81  
hostvars
.........................................................................................................81  
inventory\_hostname
.......................................................................................82  
groups
............................................................................................................82  
在命令行设置变量
...............................................................................................83  
优先级
..................................................................................................................84

第5 章　初识Mezzanine ：我们的测试应用 .................................85  
为什么向生产环境部署软件是一件复杂的事
......................................................85  
PostgreSQL ：数据库
.....................................................................................88  
Gunicon ：应用服务器
...................................................................................88  
nginx ：Web 服务器
.......................................................................................89  
Supervisor ：进程管理器
...............................................................................90

第6 章　使用Ansible 部署Mezzanine .........................................91  
列出playbook 中的task
.......................................................................................91  
组织要部署的文件
...............................................................................................92  
变量与私密变量
...................................................................................................92  
使用迭代（with\_items）安装多个软件包
...........................................................94  
向task 中添加sudo 语句
.....................................................................................96  
更新apt 缓存
.......................................................................................................96  
使用Git 来Check Out 项目源码
..........................................................................98  
将Mezzanine 和其他软件包安装到virtualenv 中
................................................99  
task 中的复杂参数：稍微跑个题
....................................................................... 102  
创建数据库和数据库用户
..................................................................................
104  
从模板生成local\_settings.py 文件
..................................................................... 105  
运行django-manage
命令...................................................................................
108  
在应用环境中运行自定义的Python 脚本
.......................................................... 110  
设置服务的配置文件
...................................................................................
112  
启用nginx 配置文件
..........................................................................................
115  
安装TLS 证书
...................................................................................................
116  
目录 ｜ xvii  
安装Twitter 计划任务
........................................................................................
117  
playbook 全文
....................................................................................................
118  
在Vagrant 虚拟机上运行playbook
.................................................................... 121  
将Mezzanine 部署到多台主机
.......................................................................... 122

第7 章　 复杂playbook
............................................................123  
在控制主机上运行task
......................................................................................
123  
在涉及的主机以外的机器上运行task................................................................
124  
手动采集fact
.....................................................................................................
124  
逐台主机运行
....................................................................................................
125  
只执行一次
........................................................................................................
126  
处理不利行为命令：changed\_when 和failed\_when
.......................................... 127  
从主机获取IP
地址............................................................................................
131  
使用Vault 加密敏感数据
...................................................................................
132  
通过模式匹配指定主机
......................................................................................
133  
限定某些主机运行
.............................................................................................
134  
过滤器
................................................................................................................
135  
default 过滤器
.............................................................................................
135  
用于注册变量的过滤器
...............................................................................
135  
应用于文件路径的过滤器
........................................................................... 136  
编写你自己的过滤器
...................................................................................
137  
lookup
................................................................................................................
138  
file
...............................................................................................................
139  
pipe..............................................................................................................
140  
env
...............................................................................................................
140  
password
......................................................................................................
141  
template
.......................................................................................................
141  
csvfile
..........................................................................................................
141  
dnstxt
...........................................................................................................
142  
redis\_kv
.......................................................................................................
143  
etcd
..............................................................................................................
144  
编写你自己的lookup 插件
.......................................................................... 145  
更复杂的循环
....................................................................................................
145  
with\_lines
....................................................................................................
146  
with\_fileglob
...............................................................................................
146  
with\_dict
......................................................................................................
147  
将循环结构用作lookup 插件
...................................................................... 148

第8 章　role ：扩展你的playbook .............................................149  
role 的基本构成
.................................................................................................
149  
范例：Database 和Mezzanine role
.................................................................... 150  
在你的playbook 中使用role
.............................................................................
150  
Pre-Task 和Post-Task
.........................................................................................
152  
用于部署数据库的“database” role
................................................................... 153  
用于部署Mezzanine 的“mezzanine” role
......................................................... 155  
使用ansible-galaxy 创建role 文件与目录
......................................................... 160  
从属role
...........................................................................................................
160  
Ansible Galaxy
...................................................................................................
161  
Web 界面
.....................................................................................................
161  
命令行工具
.................................................................................................
162  
向Galaxy 贡献你自己编写的role
............................................................... 163

第9 章　让Ansible 快到飞起
.....................................................165  
SSH Multiplexing 与ControlPersist
................................................................... 165  
手动启用SSH Multiplexing
........................................................................ 166  
Ansible 中的SSH Multiplexing
选项........................................................... 167  
pipelining
...........................................................................................................
169  
启用pipelining
............................................................................................
169  
将主机配置为支持pipelining
...................................................................... 169  
fact 缓存
.............................................................................................................
171  
JSON 文件fact 缓存后端
............................................................................ 172  
Redis fact 缓存后端
.....................................................................................
173  
Memcached fact 缓存后端
........................................................................... 173  
并行性
................................................................................................................
174  
加速模式
............................................................................................................
175  
火球模式
............................................................................................................
175

第10 章　自定义模块
................................................................177  
范例：检测远程服务器是否可达
....................................................................... 177  
使用script 模块替代编写自己的模块
................................................................ 177  
模块形式的can\_reach
........................................................................................
178  
自定义模块该放到哪里
......................................................................................
179  
Ansible 如何调用模块
........................................................................................
179  
生成带有参数的独立Python 脚本（仅限Python 模块） .............................
179  
将模块复制到远程主机
...............................................................................
179  
在远程主机上创建参数文件（仅限非Python 模块） ..................................
179  
调用模块
.....................................................................................................
180  
预期的输出
........................................................................................................
181  
Ansible 预期的输出变量
.............................................................................
181  
使用Python 来实现模块
....................................................................................
182  
解析参数
.....................................................................................................
183  
访问参数
.....................................................................................................
184  
导入AnsibleModule 辅助类
........................................................................ 184  
参数选项
.....................................................................................................
185  
AnsibleModule 的初始化参数
..................................................................... 188  
返回成功或失败
..........................................................................................
191  
调用外部命令
..............................................................................................
192  
检测模式（dry run）
....................................................................................
193  
文档化你的模块
.................................................................................................
194  
调试你的模块
....................................................................................................
196  
使用Bash 实现模块
...........................................................................................
197  
为Bash 指定替代的位置
....................................................................................
198  
范例模块
............................................................................................................
199

第11 章　Vagrant
.....................................................................201  
便捷的Vagrant 配置项
.......................................................................................
201  
端口转发和私有IP 地址
.............................................................................
201  
启用agent forwarding
.................................................................................
203  
Ansible 置备器
...................................................................................................
203  
置备器何时运行
.................................................................................................
204  
由Vagrant 生成inventory
..................................................................................
204  
并行配置
............................................................................................................
205  
指定群组
............................................................................................................
206

第12 章　Amazon EC2
.............................................................209  
术语
...................................................................................................................
211  
实例
.............................................................................................................
211  
Amazon 系统镜像
.......................................................................................
211  
标签
.............................................................................................................
211  
指定认证凭据
....................................................................................................
212  
环境变量
.....................................................................................................
212  
配置文件
.....................................................................................................
213  
必要条件：Boto Python 库
................................................................................
213  
动态inventory
....................................................................................................
214  
inventory 缓存
.............................................................................................
216  
其他配置项
.................................................................................................
217  
自动生成群组
..............................................................................................
217  
使用标签定义动态群组
......................................................................................
217  
把标签应用到现有资源
...............................................................................
218  
更好听的群组名
..........................................................................................
219  
EC2 Virtual Private Cloud（VPC）和EC2 Classic
............................................ 219  
配置ansible.cfg 支持使用EC2
.......................................................................... 220  
启动新的实例
....................................................................................................
221  
EC2 密钥对
........................................................................................................
222  
创建新的密钥
..............................................................................................
222  
上传已有密钥
..............................................................................................
224  
安全组
................................................................................................................
224  
允许的IP 地址
............................................................................................
226  
安全组端口
.................................................................................................
226  
获取最新的AMI
................................................................................................
226  
向群组中添加一个新的实例
..............................................................................
227  
等待服务器启动
.................................................................................................
230  
创建实例的幂等性方法
......................................................................................
231  
全部加在一起
....................................................................................................
231  
指定Virtual Private Cloud
.................................................................................
233  
动态inventory 和VPC
................................................................................
237  
构建 AMI
...........................................................................................................
238  
使用ec2\_ami 模块
......................................................................................
238  
使用Packer
.................................................................................................
238  
其他模块
............................................................................................................
242

第13 章　Docker
......................................................................243  
Docker 与Ansible 配合案例
..............................................................................
244  
Docker 应用的生命周期
.....................................................................................
244  
容器化我们的Mezzanine 应用
.......................................................................... 245  
使用Ansible 创建Docker 镜像
.......................................................................... 247  
Mezzanine
...................................................................................................
248  
其他的容器镜像
.................................................................................................
253  
Postgres
.......................................................................................................
253  
Memcached
..................................................................................................
253  
Nginx
...........................................................................................................
254  
certs
.............................................................................................................
255  
构建镜像
.....................................................................................................
256  
部署Docker 化的应用
.......................................................................................
256  
启动数据库容器
.................................................................................................
257  
获取数据库容器的IP 地址和映射端口
.............................................................. 257  
等待数据库启动
.................................................................................................
261  
初始化数据库
..............................................................................................
263  
启动Memcached 容器
.................................................................................
264  
启动Mezzanine 容器
...................................................................................
264  
启动证书容器
..............................................................................................
265  
启动Nginx 容器
..........................................................................................
265  
完整的playbook
................................................................................................
266

第14 章　调试Ansible playbook ...............................................269  
调试SSH 问题
...................................................................................................
269  
xxii ｜ 目录  
debug 模块
.........................................................................................................
271  
assert 模块
..........................................................................................................
271  
在执行前检查你的playbook
..............................................................................
273  
语法检查
.....................................................................................................
273  
列出主机
.....................................................................................................
273  
列出task
......................................................................................................
274  
检测模式
....................................................................................................
274  
diff（显示文件差异）
...................................................................................
275  
限制特定的task 运行
.........................................................................................
275  
step
..............................................................................................................
275  
start-at-task
..................................................................................................
276  
tags
..............................................................................................................
276  
继续向前
............................................................................................................
277  
附录A　SSH
............................................................................279  
附录B　默认设置
......................................................................289  
附录C　为EC2 证书使用IAM role ............................................293  
术语
..........................................................................................297  
参考文献
...................................................................................303  
索引
..........................................................................................305

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