第 1 章 基于直方图优化的图像去雾技术 1
1.1 案例背景 ·········································································································· 1
1.2 理论基础 ·········································································································· 1
1.2.1 空域图像增强 ····························································································· 1
1.2.2 直方图均衡化 ····························································································· 2
1.3 程序实现 ·········································································································· 3
1.3.1 设计 GUI 界面 ···························································································· 4
1.3.2 全局直方图处理 ·························································································· 4
1.3.3 局部直方图处理 ·························································································· 7
1.3.4 Retinex 增强处理 ························································································· 9
1.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 13
1.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 13
第 2 章 基于 形态学的权重自适应图像去噪 14
2.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 14
2.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 15
2.2.1 图像去噪方法 ··························································································· 15
2.2.2 数学形态学原理 ························································································ 16
2.2.3 权重自适应的多结构形态学去噪 ··································································· 16
2.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 17
2.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 22
2.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 23
第 3 章 基于多尺度形态学提取眼前节组织 24
3.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 24
3.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 25
3.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 28
3.3.1 多尺度边缘 ······························································································ 28
3.3.2 主处理函数 ······························································································ 29
3.3.3 形态学处理 ······························································································ 31
3.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 33
3.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 33
第 4 章 基于 Hough 变化的答题卡识别 34
4.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 34
4.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 34
4.2.1 图像二值化 ······························································································ 35
4.2.2 倾斜校正 ································································································· 35
4.2.3 图像分割 ································································································· 38
4.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 40
4.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 51
4.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 51
第 5 章 基于阈值分割的车牌定位识别 52
5.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 52
5.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 52
5.2.1 车牌图像处理 ··························································································· 53
5.2.2 车牌定位原理 ··························································································· 57
5.2.3 车牌字符处理 ··························································································· 57
5.2.4 字符识别 ································································································· 59
5.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 61
5.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 69
5.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 69
第 6 章 基于分水岭分割进行肺癌诊断 70
6.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 70
6.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 70
6.2.1 模拟浸水的过程 ························································································ 71
6.2.2 模拟降水的过程 ························································································ 71
6.2.3 过度分割问题 ··························································································· 71
6.2.4 标记分水岭分割算法 ·················································································· 71
6.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 72
6.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 77
6.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 78
第 7 章 基于主成分分析的人脸二维码识别 79
7.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 79
7.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 79
7.2.1 QR 编码简介 ···························································································· 80
7.2.2 QR 编码译码 ···························································································· 82
7.2.3 主成分分析方法 ························································································ 84
7.3 程序实现 ········································································································ 86
7.3.1 人脸建库 ································································································· 86
7.3.2 人脸识别 ································································································· 87
7.3.3 人脸二维码 ······························································································ 88
7.4 延伸阅读 ········································································································ 93
7.5 参考文献 ········································································································ 93
第 8 章 基于知识库的手写体数字识别 94
8.1 案例背景 ········································································································ 94
8.2 理论基础 ········································································································ 94
8.2.1 算法流程 ································································································· 94
8.2.2 特征提取 ································································································· 95
8.2.3 模式识别 ································································································· 96
8.3 程序实现 ····································································································· 97
8.3.1 图像处理 ································································································· 97
8.3.2 特征提取 ································································································· 98
8.3.3 模式识别 ································································································ 101
8.4 延伸阅读 ·····································································································102
8.4.1 识别器选择 ····························································································· 102
8.4.2 提高识别率 ····························································································· 102
8.5 参考文献 ····································································································102
第 9 章 基于特征匹配的英文印刷字符识别 103
9.1 案例背景 ····································································································103
9.2 理论基础 ····································································································104
9.2.1 图像预处理 ····························································································· 104
9.2.2 图像识别技术 ·························································································· 105
9.3 程序实现 ····································································································106
9.4 延伸阅读 ·····································································································112
9.5 参考文献 ·····································································································112
第 10 章 基于不变矩的数字验证码识别 113
10.1 案例背景 ·······························································································113
10.2 理论基础 ·······························································································114
10.3 程序实现 ·······························································································114
10.3.1 设计 GUI 界面························································································ 114
10.3.2 载入验证码图像 ····················································································· 115
10.3.3 验证码图像去噪 ····················································································· 117
10.3.4 验证码数字定位 ····················································································· 118
10.3.5 验证码归一化 ························································································ 121
10.3.6 验证码数字识别 ····················································································· 122
10.3.7 手动确认并入库 ····················································································· 125
10.3.8 重新生成模板库 ····················································································· 127
10.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································129
10.5 参考文献 ······························································································130
第 11 章 基于小波技术进行图像融合 131
11.1 案例背景 ································································································131
11.2 理论基础 ·······························································································132
11.3 程序实现 ·······························································································134
11.3.1 GUI 设计 ······························································································ 134
11.3.2 图像载入 ······························································································ 135
11.3.3 小波融合 ······························································································ 136
11.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································139
11.5 参考文献 ······························································································139
第 12 章 基于块匹配的全景图像拼接 140
12.1 案例背景 ······························································································140
12.2 理论基础 ······························································································140
12.2.1 图像匹配 ······························································································ 141
12.2.2 图像融合 ······························································································ 143
12.3 程序实现 ·······························································································144
12.3.1 设计 GUI ······························································································ 144
12.3.2 载入图片 ······························································································ 145
12.3.3 图像匹配 ······························································································ 147
12.3.4 图像拼接 ······························································································ 150
12.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································156
12.5 参考文献 ·······························································································156
第 13 章 基于霍夫曼图像压缩重建 157
13.1 案例背景 ·······························································································157
13.2 理论基础 ·······························································································157
13.2.1 霍夫曼编码的步骤 ·················································································· 158
13.2.2 霍夫曼编码的特点 ·················································································· 158
13.3 程序实现 ······························································································160
13.3.1 设计 GUI ······························································································ 160
13.3.2 压缩重构 ······························································································ 161
13.3.3 效果对比 ······························································································ 166
13.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································168
13.5 参考文献 ································································································169
第 14 章 基于主成分分析的图像压缩和重建 170
14.1 案例背景 ······························································································170
14.2 理论基础 ······························································································170
14.2.1 主成分降维分析原理 ··············································································· 170
14.2.2 由得分矩阵重建样本 ··············································································· 171
14.2.3 主成分分析数据压缩比 ············································································ 172
14.2.4 基于主成分分析的图像压缩 ······································································ 172
14.3 程序实现 ·······························································································173
14.3.1 主成分分析源代码 ·················································································· 173
14.3.2 图像和样本间转换 ·················································································· 174
14.3.3 基于主成分分析的图像压缩 ······································································ 175
14.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································178
14.5 参考文献 ······························································································179
第 15 章 基于小波的图像压缩技术 180
15.1 案例背景 ····························································································· 180
15.2 理论基础 ····························································································· 181
15.3 程序实现 ·······························································································183
15.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································191
15.5 参考文献 ·······························································································191
第 16 章 基于 Hu 不变矩的图像检索技术 192
16.1 案例背景 ·······························································································192
16.2 理论基础 ·······························································································192
16.3 程序实现 ·······························································································194
16.3.1 图像预处理 ··························································································· 194
16.3.2 计算不变矩 ··························································································· 194
16.3.3 图像检索 ······························································································ 196
16.3.4 结果分析 ······························································································ 198
16.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································201
16.5 参考文献 ·······························································································202
第 17 章 基于 Harris 的角点特征检测 203
17.1 案例背景 ·······························································································203
17.2 理论基础 ·······························································································204
17.2.1 Harris 基本原理 ······················································································ 204
17.2.2 Harris 算法流程 ······················································································ 206
17.2.3 Harris 角点性质 ······················································································ 206
17.3 程序实现 ································································································208
17.3.1 Harris 算法代码 ······················································································ 208
17.3.2 角点检测实例 ························································································ 209
17.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································210
17.5 参考文献 ·····························································································211
第 18 章 基于 GUI 搭建通用视频处理工具 212
18.1 案例背景 ·······························································································212
18.2 理论基础 ·······························································································212
18.3 程序实现 ·······························································································214
18.3.1 GUI 设计 ······························································································ 214
18.3.2 GUI 实现 ······························································································ 215
18.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································226
18.5 参考文献 ······························································································226
第 19 章 基于语音识别的信号灯图像模拟控制技术 227
19.1 案例背景 ······························································································227
19.2 理论基础 ·····························································································227
19.3 程序实现 ·····························································································229
19.4 延伸阅读 ·····························································································239
19.5 参考文献 ······························································································240
第 20 章 基于帧间差法进行视频目标检测 241
20.1 案例背景 ······························································································241
20.2 理论基础 ······························································································241
20.2.1 帧间差分法 ··························································································· 242
20.2.2 背景差分法 ··························································································· 243
20.2.3 光流法 ································································································· 243
20.3 程序实现 ······························································································244
20.4 延伸阅读 ····································································································· 253
20.5 参考文献 ······························································································253
第 21 章 路面裂缝检测识别系统设计 254
21.1 案例背景 ······························································································254
21.2 理论基础 ······························································································254
21.2.1 图像灰度化 ··························································································· 255
21.2.2 图像滤波 ······························································································ 257
21.2.3 图像增强 ······························································································ 259
21.2.4 图像二值化 ··························································································· 260
21.3 程序实现 ·······························································································262
21.4 延伸阅读 ································································································274
21.5 参考文献 ································································································274
第 22 章 基于 K-means 聚类算法的图像区域分割 275
22.1 案例背景 ································································································275
22.2 理论基础 ································································································275
22.2.1 K-means 聚类算法原理 ············································································· 275
22.2.2 K-means 聚类算法的要点 ·········································································· 276
22.2.3 K-means 聚类算法的缺点 ·········································································· 277
22.2.4 基于 K-means 图像分割 ············································································ 278
22.3 程序实现 ································································································278
22.3.1 样本之间的巨鹿 ····················································································· 278
22.3.2 提取特征向量 ························································································ 279
22.3.3 图像聚类分割 ························································································ 280
22.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································282
22.5 参考文献 ······························································································283
第 23 章 基于光流场的交通汽车检测跟踪 284
23.1 案例背景 ······························································································284
23.2 理论基础 ······························································································284
23.2.1 光流法检测运动原理 ··············································································· 284
23.2.2 光流的主要计算方法 ··············································································· 285
23.2.3 梯度光流场约束方程 ··············································································· 287
23.2.4 Horn-Schunck 光流算法 ·········································································· 288
23.3 程序实现 ································································································290
23.3.1 计算视觉系统工具箱简介 ········································································· 290
23.3.2 基于光流场检测汽车运动 ········································································· 291
23.3.3 搭建 Simulink 运动检测模型 ······································································ 295
23.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································297
23.5 参考文献 ·······························································································298
第 24 章 基于 Simulink 进行图像和视频处理 299
24.1 案例背景 ································································································299
24.2 模块介绍 ······························································································ 299
24.2.1 分析和增强模块库（Analysis & Enhancement）············································ 300
24.2.2 转化模块库（Conversions） ······································································ 301
24.2.3 滤波 3 模块库（Filtering） ········································································ 301
24.2.4 几何变换模块库（Geometric Transformations） ···········································302
24.2.5 形态学操作模块库（Morphological Operations）············································302
24.2.6 输入模块库（Sources） ············································································ 303
24.2.7 输出模块库（Sinks）··············································································· 303
24.2.8 统计模块库（Statistics）··········································································· 304
24.2.9 文本和图形模块库（Text & Graphic）·························································· 304
24.2.10 变换模块库（Transforms） ······································································305
24.2.11 其他工具模块库（Utilities） ····································································305
24.3 仿真案例 ·······························································································306
24.3.1 搭建组织模型 ························································································ 306
24.3.2 仿真执行模型 ························································································ 308
24.3.3 代码自动生成 ························································································ 309
24.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································314
24.5 参考文献 ·······························································································316
第 25 章 基于小波变换的数字水印技术 317
25.1 案例背景 ·······························································································317
25.2 理论基础 ·······························································································317
25.2.1 数字水印技术原理 ·················································································· 318
25.2.2 典型的数字水印算法 ··············································································· 320
25.2.3 数字水印攻击和评价 ··············································································· 322
25.2.4 基于小波的水印技术 ··············································································· 323
25.3 程序实现 ·······························································································326
25.3.1 准备载体和水印图像 ··············································································· 326
25.3.2 小波数字水印的嵌入 ··············································································· 327
25.3.3 小波数字水印的提取 ··············································································· 331
25.3.4 小波水印的攻击试验 ··············································································· 333
25.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································337
25.5 参考文献 ······························································································337
第 26 章 基于最小误差法的胸片分割 339
26.1 案例背景 ·······························································································339
26.2 理论基础 ·······························································································339
26.2.1 图像增强 ······························································································ 340
26.2.2 区域选择 ······························································································ 340
26.2.3 形态学滤波 ··························································································· 341
26.2.4 最小误差法胸片分割 ··············································································· 342
26.3 程序实现 ·······························································································343
26.3.1 设计 GUI 界面························································································ 343
26.3.2 图像预处理 ··························································································· 344
26.3.3 最小误差法分割 ····················································································· 348
26.3.4 形态学后处理 ························································································ 350
26.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································353
26.5 参考文献 ·······························································································353
第 27 章 基于区域生长的肝脏影像分割系统 354
27.1 案例背景 ·······························································································354
27.2 理论基础 ·······························································································355
27.2.1 阈值分割 ······························································································ 355
27.2.2 区域生长 ······························································································ 355
27.2.3 基于阈值预分割的区域生长 ······································································ 356
27.3 程序实现 ·······························································································357
27.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································361
27.5 参考文献 ·······························································································361
第 28 章 基于深度学习的汽车目标检测 362
28.1 案例背景 ·······························································································362
28.2 理论基础 ·······························································································363
28.2.1 基本架构 ······························································································ 363
28.2.2 卷积层 ································································································· 363
28.2.3 池化层 ································································································· 365
28.3 程序实现 ······························································································365
28.3.1 加载数据 ······························································································ 365
28.3.2 构建 CNN 网络······················································································· 367
28.3.3 训练 CNN 网络······················································································· 368
28.3.4 评估训练效果 ························································································ 370
28.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································372
28.5 参考文献 ······························································································372
第 29 章 基于计算机视觉的自动驾驶应用 374
29.1 案例背景 ······························································································374
29.2 理论基础 ·······························································································375
29.2.1 环境感知 ······························································································ 375
29.2.2 行为决策 ······························································································ 375
29.2.3 路径规划 ······························································································ 376

29.2.4 运动控制 ······························································································ 376
29.3 程序实现 ·······························································································376
29.3.1 传感器数据载入 ····················································································· 376
29.3.2 追踪器创建 ··························································································· 378
29.3.3 碰撞预警 ······························································································ 380
29.4 延伸阅读 ·······························································································385
29.5 参考文献 ·······························································································385
第 30 章 基于深度学习的视觉场景识别 386
30.1 案例背景 ······························································································386
30.2 理论基础 ······························································································387
30.2.1 发展历程 ······························································································ 387
30.2.2 算法思想 ······························································································ 387
30.3 程序实现 ·······························································································388
30.3.1 环境配置 ······························································································ 388
30.3.2 数据集制作 ··························································································· 389
30.3.3 网络训练 ······························································································ 391
30.3.4 网络测试 ······························································································ 397
30.4 延伸阅读 ······························································································ 400
30.5 参考文献 ·······························································································400